Which amendment guarantees freedom of religion?

The First Amendment is pivotal in safeguarding individual liberties, particularly concerning freedom of religion. It explicitly states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. This dual protection ensures that individuals can practice their faith without governmental interference and that the government cannot favor one religion over another or establish a national religion.

The other amendments listed focus on different rights and protections. The Second Amendment addresses the right to keep and bear arms, the Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, and the Eighth Amendment prohibits excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. Each of these amendments serves distinct purposes within the Bill of Rights, but the First Amendment uniquely champions the fundamental right to religious freedom.